PCI DSS v4.0.1
The global security standard for any organisation that stores, processes, or transmits payment card data. Version 4.0.1 is now fully mandatory, with all future-dated requirements in effect since 31 March 2025.
See where NodeZero appliesWhat is PCI DSS?
The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard is the global security standard for any organisation that stores, processes, or transmits cardholder data. Version 4.0.1, with all future-dated requirements now mandatory as of 31 March 2025, introduces significant changes including targeted risk analysis, enhanced authentication requirements (including MFA for all access to cardholder data environments), and a stronger emphasis on continuous security processes over point-in-time assessments.
PCI DSS is enforced through the card brands (Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover) and your acquiring bank. Depending on your transaction volume and merchant level, compliance is validated either through a Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) audit or a Self-Assessment Questionnaire. Requirement 11.4 explicitly mandates internal and external penetration testing at least annually and after significant changes, with segmentation testing required every six months for service providers. Requirement 11.4's methodology provisions, introduced in v4.0, require that testing covers the entire CDE perimeter and critical systems.
Page references on this page point to the official PCI DSS v4.0.1 standard. The PDF is published by the PCI Security Standards Council via the PCI SSC Document Library and requires free registration to download.
Where NodeZero applies
NodeZero maps directly to Requirement 11 — the penetration-testing obligation — and extends across ten of the twelve principal requirements. Beyond satisfying the testing mandate, autonomous pentesting validates whether network security controls actually segment the CDE (Req 1), whether configurations and default credentials persist (Req 2), whether account-data access controls hold (Req 3, 7), whether data-in-transit exposures are exploitable (Req 4), whether authentication mechanisms resist credential attacks (Req 8), whether anti-malware stacks block attacker behaviour (Req 5), and whether unpatched, exploitable software remains in the environment (Req 6). Tripwires validate whether the logging and monitoring Req 10 relies on actually detects an attacker — decoy interactions surface blind spots in your SIEM. Physical security (Req 9), key management (Req 3 cryptographic), and organisational governance (Req 12) sit outside — we flag them explicitly.
This mapping reflects our best-effort analysis of where NodeZero's autonomous pentesting produces relevant technical evidence against each requirement. It is intended to help you focus security effort on the controls NodeZero can test — not to serve as a compliance certification. You remain responsible for your own compliance assessment, for validating applicability to your environment, and for evidencing the requirements NodeZero does not directly test.
Please note the following require separate evidence: Restrict physical access to cardholder data and Support information security with organisational policies and programs.
Showing coverage grouped by compliance category.
Install and maintain network security controls
Tests whether network security controls actually contain traffic the way rulesets imply.
Segmentation testingCore
Enumerates IPs, ports, services, and applications to validate inbound-traffic restrictions actually hold — not just that they're on paper.
External pentestingCore
Maps your internet-facing attack surface and proves whether an external attacker can reach systems storing account data.
Internal pentestingCore
Proof-of-exploit evidence of overly permissive rules — what QSAs look for when assessing whether the NSC rulesets are effectively implemented and maintained.
Cloud pentestingCore
Where the CDE runs in AWS or Azure, enumerates cloud resources and pivots on-prem to cloud, proving whether over-permissive security groups, NSC rulesets, or cloud network paths let traffic reach the CDE that Req 1 says should be blocked. AWS/Azure/Kubernetes only — no standalone GCP pentesting, so a GCP-hosted CDE stays out of scope here.
Apply secure configurations to all system components
Identifies misconfigurations, default settings, and unnecessary services through working exploitation.
AD Password AuditCore
Directly hunts for weak and default credentials across Active Directory and service accounts — the classic Req 2.2.2 failure mode; internal pentesting reaches default logins on network devices.
Internal pentestingCore
Every reachable service is catalogued during attack-path discovery — surfaces services that should have been removed or disabled.
Protect stored account data
Tests access controls around data stores and identifies what an attacker could actually reach.
Advanced Data PilferingElite only
NodeZero surfaces whether an attacker could reach files holding cardholder data — categorised locally on your Docker host; whether stored SAD is rendered unreadable by strong cryptography is a separate encryption control.
Internal pentestingCore
If attack paths lead to systems holding account data, the access-control side of Req 3 has a gap — NodeZero proves it.
Protect cardholder data with strong cryptography during transmission
Tests for unencrypted data exposure and weak protocols on internet-facing services.
External pentestingCore
Probes public-facing services for unencrypted channels and weak cryptography — concrete evidence where Req 4.2.1 protections fail.
Protect all systems and networks from malicious software
Measures anti-malware effectiveness across 40+ EDR vendors.
Endpoint Security EffectivenessCore
"Hosts with No EDR Detected" filter surfaces the exact coverage gaps Req 5.2.1 asks about.
Develop and maintain secure systems and software
External pentesting exercises reachable web-facing weaknesses where they form real attack paths.
Web application pentestingPriced separately
Testing exercises reachable web-facing weaknesses in your applications — attack-based evidence of where secure-development principles did not hold; the SDLC, code-review and change-management obligations of Req 6.2 remain organisational work.
Internal pentestingCore
Fingerprints software versions and exploits known CVEs — direct evidence of where Req 6.3.3 patching is missing.
Rapid ResponsePro & Elite
Delivers targeted tests for newly disclosed critical CVEs — often within hours of disclosure, and in some cases ahead of the public patch.
Restrict access to system components and cardholder data by business need to know
Tests access boundaries and least-privilege enforcement.
Internal pentestingCore
Chains access-control weaknesses into real attack paths that prove where the business-need-to-know model breaks down in practice.
Insider Threat TestingCore
Takes an insider perspective and proves the actual reach of existing privileges — evidence for the Req 7.2.2 least-privilege assessment.
BloodHound (integrated)Core
Makes the over-privileged application and service account relationships Req 7.2.5 expects you to manage visible and actionable.
Cloud pentestingCore
Where the CDE runs in AWS or Azure/Entra ID, finds IAM misconfigurations and privilege-escalation or lateral-movement paths — attack-impact evidence of over-privileged cloud access where the least-privilege model Req 7.2.1/7.2.2 requires didn't hold. AWS/Azure/Kubernetes only — no standalone GCP pentesting.
Identify users and authenticate access to system components
Direct coverage — audits credential strength and proves MFA enforcement.
AD Password AuditCore
It is not uncommon for NodeZero to crack more than 50% of the passwords it tests on a first audit — direct evidence Req 8.3.6 password strength fails under attack.
Phishing Impact TestingCore
Takes credentials captured by your phishing tool and proves how far they reach — surfacing CDE access paths where the MFA Req 8.4.1 mandates was not actually enforced.
Advanced Data PilferingElite only
Autonomously hunts credentials embedded in scripts, configuration and property files, and SYSVOL/SMB shares — proving a live application or service-account credential is hard-coded and usable, the classic Req 8.6.2 failure mode.
Log and monitor all access to system components and cardholder data
Tests detection effectiveness through deception and generated attacker behaviour.
NodeZero TripwiresPro & Elite
Decoys on high-risk assets alert the moment an attacker interacts — routed to Splunk/Sentinel/webhook, they validate whether the monitoring behind Req 10 actually detects an intruder.
Internal pentestingCore
Every NodeZero action is timestamped with proofs and commands — lets you validate whether the events Req 10.2 requires you to log are actually captured.
Test security of systems and networks regularly
Strongest alignment — Req 11 directly mandates the testing NodeZero performs.
Internal pentestingCore
Direct fit — internal penetration testing on demand, at any cadence, producing working exploit evidence.
Web application pentestingPriced separately
Covers the application-layer testing PCI's penetration-testing methodology requires on both the internal and external side — authenticated, role-based testing of in-scope bespoke applications, with SPA and REST, SOAP and GraphQL API discovery through headless-browser crawling, including after significant application changes.
External pentestingCore
Direct fit — external penetration testing against your internet-facing footprint.
Segmentation testingCore
Dedicated segmentation testing — purpose-built for the specific PCI 11.4.5 requirement.
Quick VerifyCore
Req 11.4.4 expects exploitable findings to be corrected; Quick Verify re-tests the exact attack chain to confirm the correction holds.
Rapid ResponsePro & Elite
Quarterly scans leave a gap between them; Rapid Response covers the newly-disclosed-exploit window with targeted tests for critical CVEs.
Vulnerability Risk IntelligenceElite only
Overlays attacker-first validation on existing scanner findings — classifies vulnerabilities as Confirmed Exploitable, Contextually Exploitable, or under Threat Actor Pressure for decision-grade risk-rating.
See every control mapped to NodeZero
The full control-by-control coverage map — every PCI DSSrequirement matched to the NodeZero capability that produces evidence for it, with maturity-level grouping and source citations. We'll email you the link and a downloadable copy.
Who does this apply to?
PCI DSS applies to any organisation that stores, processes, or transmits cardholder data -- and to any organisation that can affect the security of cardholder data. This includes merchants of every size (from single-location retailers to global e-commerce platforms), payment processors, acquiring banks, issuing banks, service providers, and any third party with access to the cardholder data environment.
Your compliance validation requirements depend on your merchant or service provider level, which is determined by annual transaction volume. Level 1 merchants (over 6 million transactions annually) require an on-site assessment by a Qualified Security Assessor (QSA). Levels 2-4 may self-assess using the appropriate Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ). Service providers have separate level thresholds. Regardless of level, Requirement 11.4 mandates penetration testing at least annually and after any significant change.
With all v4.0.1 future-dated requirements now mandatory since 31 March 2025, organisations face new obligations including targeted risk analysis for each PCI requirement, enhanced MFA for all access to the cardholder data environment (not just remote access), and automated mechanisms to detect and protect against phishing. If your organisation touches payment card data in any capacity, PCI DSS compliance is enforced through your card brand agreements and acquiring bank relationship.
Close the gaps before your next assessment
See how NodeZero generates audit-ready evidence for your compliance obligations. We'll walk you through where NodeZero applies for your specific framework.